Timeline of Science

This timeline targets scientific and medicinal milestones (including invalidated ones) while comparing them to pseudo-science and religious claims--thereby showing the level of science and technology in all places of the world when they were made, thus making their faults more apparent. Other selected major historical events have been added to add perspective. Each historical event is linked to a Wikipedia entry that describes the event in detail.

Year	Event
13.7 bil c	The Universe begins.
3.7 bil c	Life on Earth evolved.
128000 c	Homo sapiens evolved.
26500 c	Pottery is first made.
15000 c	Domestication of the first animals occurs.
9500 c	Agriculture is first used.
8000 c	The most recent major Ice age ended.
5500 c	Early Hinduism begins.
5000 c	Alchemy begins in Egypt.
4241	The 360 day Egyptian calendar is first used.
3952	The exact date of the universe's creation according to Abrahamic religions.
3000 c	Cuneiform script, the earliest form of writing is created by the Sumerians.
2200 c	Circumcision is first practiced in Egypt.
1900 c	Judaism is established.
	Pi is calculated properly to 1 decimal place by the Babylonians.
1500 c	Astrology is first documented in Babylonia.
1100 c	Chakras are described in the Vedas.
0650 c	Jainism is established.
0500 c	The brain is predicted to be the seat of the mind by Alcmaeon of Croton.
	Humorism is conceived by Alcmaeon of Croton.
0450 c	Buddhism is established.
	Atheism is established.
	Zoroastrianism is established.
	Blast furnaces are first used in China.
0430 c	Smallpox is first described.
0400 c	Bloodletting is in common use.
	Humorism is popularized by Hippocrates.
	Alchemy falls out of use in Egypt.
	Qi is first seen in a publication by Mozi.
	Influenza is described by Hippocrates.
0332	Alchemy begins in Greece.
0330 c	A spherical earth model is argued by Aristotle.
	Aristotelian gravity is developed by Aristotle.
	Acupuncture is discussed in length in the book "Huangdi Neijing".
0275 c	Shinto is established.
0240	The circumference of the earth is measured by Eratosthenes with a 2%-20% margin of error.
0150	A Geocentric universal model is described by Claudius Ptolemaeus in his book Almagest.
0001	Common Era begins.
0040 c	Christianity begins.
0075 c	The first codexes (books) are written.
0142	Alchemy begins in China.
0263	Pi is calculated to 3 correct decimal places by Liu Hui.
0525	The Anno Domini time system is created by Dionysius Exiguus.
0550	John Philoponus successfully disproves Aristotelian gravity, but his work is hidden by the church until 1200.
0630 c	Islam begins.
0642	Alchemy falls out of use in Greece.
0705	The first ever psychiatric hospital is built in Baghdad.
0800 c	Chemistry begins in Arabia
1000 c	Modern Surgery is documented by Abu al-Qasim in his "Kitab al-Tasrif".
1021	The Scientific method is greatly advanced by Ibn al-Haitham's "Kitab al-Manazir".
1150 c	Blast furnaces are first used in Europe.
1242	The circulatory system is accurately described by Ibn al-Nafis.
1247	The Bethlem Royal Hospital becomes the first psychiatric hospital in Europe.
1350 c	Pi's infinite series is discovered by Madhava of Sangamagrama.
1450 c	Modern dowsing becomes popular.
1478	The Spanish Inquisition begins.
1500 c	Sikhism begins.
1525 c	The Age of Discovery begins.
1543	The Scientific Revolution begins.
1543	A Heliocentric universal model is explained in Nicolaus Copernicus' book "On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres".
1567	Viral inoculations become popular in China.
1580 c	The first documented influenza pandemic affects Africa, then Asia and Europe.
1609	An early optical microscope and optical telescope is created by Galileo Galilei.
1628	The circulatory system receives significant knowledge thanks to William Harvey's book "An Anatomical Exercise on the Motion of the Heart and Blood in Living Beings".
1646	Electricity and Magnetism are scientifically discussed in Thomas Browne's book Pseudodoxia Epidemica.
1661	"The Sceptical Chymist" by Robert Boyle is published.
1674	Protists are first seen under a microscope by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
1676	Bacteria is discovered by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
1677	Spermatozoa are discovered by Anton van Leeuwenhoek.
1687	Gravity is explained by Isaac Newton is his book "Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy".
1711	Calculus is created independently by both Isaac Newton and Gottfried Leibniz.
1718	Viral inoculations are brought to Europe.
1747	The first clinical trial is held by James Lind who finds an effective treatment for Scurvy.
1750	Alchemy gives way to chemistry.
1780	The brain is discovered to use electronic impulses by Luigi Galvani.
1787	"Elements of Chemistry" by Antoine Lavoisier is published.
1796	Viral vaccinations are first conducted scientifically by Edward Jenner.
1803	"Atomic Theory" by John Dalton is published.
1807	Homeopathy is invented by Samuel Hahnemann.
1811	Placebos are first published in Hooper's medical dictionary.
1834	The Spanish Inquisition officially ends.
1838	Work on quantum mechanics is first started by Michael Faraday's work with cathode rays.
1842	Chromosomes are first observed by Karl Wilhelm von Nägeli.
1844	The Bahá'í Faith begins.
1846	The planet Neptune is discovered thanks to the mathematical calculations of Urbain Le Verrier.
1850	Bloodletting falls out of popular use.
1859	Evolution and natural selection are explained in Charles Darwin's book "The Origin of Species".
1860	Germ theory is explained by Louis Pasteur.
1865	Genetics is explained by Gregor Mendel in his book "Experiments on Plant Hybridization" which was widely ignored until the 20th century.
1868	Pangenesis is described by Charles Darwin in his book "The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication".
1869	Amino acids are isolated by Friedrich Miescher.
1869	The periodic table of elements is published by Dmitri Mendeleev.
1890 c	Classical conditioning is discovered by Ivan Pavlov.
1898	Malaria is found to be transmitted by mosquitoes by Ronald Ross.
1900	Blood types A, B, and O are discovered by Karl Landsteiner.
1900 c	The term "Agnosticism" is used by Thomas Huxley.
	Quantum Physics has work started on it.
	Humorism falls out of popular use.
1914	World War I begins.
1915	Reflexology is invented by William H. Fitzgerald.
	The Theory of General Relativity is published by Albert Einstein.
1918	"Henry Gray's Anatomy of the Human Body" by Henry Gray is published.
	The Spanish flu kills around 45 million.
1920	The placebo effect is detailed by T.C. Graves.
1928	Penicillin is discovered by Alexander Fleming.
1930	The dwarf planet Pluto is discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.
1939	World War II officially begins.
1953	DNA is accurately described by James Watson and Francis Crick.
1960 c	String theory is developed.
	Prions are theorized by Tikvah Alper and J.S. Griffith.
1961	Nocebo is coined as a counterpart to a placebo by Walter Kennedy.
1971	Viroids are first discovered by Theodor O. Diener.
1977	Smallpox no longer exists outside of laboratories.
1984	Prions are isolated by Stanley Prusiner.

While it is proper to display the circa symbol of 'c' before a date, I've placed it after the date to keep the flow of the year column. Rows without a year should use the year above it.